What are the basic components of electronics?

The basic components of electronics include resistors, capacitors, inductors, and diodes, which are often divided into passive and active types. Passive components like resistors (which resist current), capacitors (which store energy), and inductors (which store energy in a magnetic field) work without an external power source. Active components, such as diodes, transistors, and integrated circuits (ICs), are essential for controlling current flow and performing complex functions like amplification and switching.